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Some thirty years ago, the United States government was deeply involved in the cold war. Nuclear weapons were a popular topic of conversation, and a question of national security arose: How will we communicate in the event of a nuclear attack? Many different solutions were brought forward, but eventually only one remained. A computer network without a central core. The proposed network would have no central authority. It would be designed to 'Operate in Tatters …

…educational institutions continue to be overwhelmed by commercial organizations as the rising demand for access to the Internet continues. At the present day, all of the Internet backbones are controlled by commercial organizations and even educational institutions now purchase access through them. The amount of capital available to businesses, outweighs any capital attainable by educational institutions. Government cut backs, and ever decreasing educational budgeting are both leading to the inevitable commercial control of the Internet.