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Marx, Karl lived between 1818-1883. This German political philosopher and revolutionist, with the aid of Friedrich Engels cofounded scientific socialism or modern communism, and is said to be one of the most influential thinkers of all times. Marx was born in Trier, Germany and was educated at the universities of Bonn, Berlin, and Jena. In 1842, shortly after contributing his first article to the Cologne newspaper Rheinische Zeitung, Marx became editor of the paper. Karl Marx's …

…revised by most socialists after his death, were revived in the 20th century by Vladimir Ilich Lenin, who developed and applied them. They became the core of the theory and practice of Bolshevism and the Third International. Marx's ideas, as interpreted by Lenin, continued to have influence throughout most of the 20th century. In much of the world, including Africa and South America, emerging nations were formed by leaders who claimed to represent the proletariat.