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Many factors have helped to bring about changes in surgery; they have either helped surgery to become more effective and safe or just totally changed the way surgery works. One of the earliest uses of war was made during the 16th century, during the time Pare was alive. Pare believed that cauterisation was too painful, cauterisation had been then main way of sealing the veins and arteries after and operation, and without any anaesthetic proved …

…making important discoveries like the germ theory, which was also the basis for anaesthetics. War has helped a lot in influencing change in surgery, because it gave surgeons the opportunity to practice their skills and to come up with new ways of treating wounded patients. Without the individual genius of certain people these discoveries may have never been found, it took a lot of careful observation, experimentation and determination to come up with these theories.