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Chase Byrd 8:00 Exam Aristotle believed in a universal goal for all things. That meant chance and random selection doesn't exist in nature. Since nature was what the first philosophers turned to, Aristotle looked there for some answers. Nature has unconscious purposes. There are mistakes in nature though, he points out. He believed in change and cause of change, and since nature has so much order it must have a cause. Aristotle was very rational and …

…from being able to avoid making errors of reasoning. The skeptic questions whether the appearance of anything is related to any underlying reality. The skeptic does not affirm or deny any argument that the world has an underlying reality, but questions it. The appearance of the object may change according to the perception of the subject. A weakness of this viewpoint is that this method of doubt leaves skepticism unable to prove its own conclusions.